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Bombing of Kōfu in World War II
The was part of the strategic bombing campaign waged by the United States against military and civilian targets and population centers of the Empire of Japan during the Japan home islands campaign in the closing states of World War II.〔Hoyt. ''Inferno: The Fire Bombing of Japan, March 9 – August 15, 1945''〕
==Background==
Kōfu is a medium-sized population center and the capital of rural Yamanashi Prefecture. Many residents had the illusion that its surrounding mountains would provide some protection, and that without any targets of significant military importance,〔(Mapping Urbicide )〕 Kōfu would be overlooked by the Americans. Numerous residents of Tokyo had relocated to Kōfu for safety. These included the noted authors Osamu Dazai and Masuji Ibuse.〔Lyons, The ''Saga of Dazai Osamu''〕 However, as Kōfu was located near Mount Fuji, which was a prominent landmark, once air raids on Japan became more frequent during the final stages of the Pacific War, Kōfu residents became accustomed to the sight of American aircraft passing over the city at high altitude en route to targets in Tokyo and in Nagano Prefecture, and Kōfu occasionally became a secondary target for aircraft which missed their primary targets 〔United States Strategic Bombing Survey. (''Summary Report (Pacific War)'' ) July 1, 1946〕 Such bombings caused little damage, and civil defense efforts did not begin until around March 1945; however, the construction of air raid shelters was largely impossible due to the high groundwater level, and efforts were largely limited to training civilian ''tonarigumi'' associations on using bucket brigades for firefighting.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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